Wednesday, 14 April 2010

Evaluation

After a lot of research into the action genre I feel that our product stays true to the conventions found throughout the genre. Due to our budget and other constraints, we couldn’t do car chases or big explosions, two of the most common features of the modern day action film. We also didn’t posses the resources for this like camera’s on tracks or numerous camera’s mounted to a car. We did however discover the importance of filming from different angles and used whatever we could find in the surrounding area. Because of the limitations we faced we had to think of things that were more in our grasp, like fist fights and basic special effects. The special effects helped change our project and made it look more professional thanks in part to tutorials on the internet but also through familiarizing ourselves with the programme. In order to keep the audience interested we felt it was key to try and tell as much of the story as possible without ever giving too much away. This challenges the modern day action trailer which tries to predominantly wow the audience with special effects and high octane action scenes, over storytelling. We also tried to break the constraints of the modern day perception of a ‘hero’ , someone wearing a cape who helps people in need, looks out for others and isn’t selfish etc. Our Character ,A, however only cares for himself, has no desire for the life he has been thrust into and tries whatever he can to get home. This makes A a character that is easy to relate to as the danger he faces is very real and his actions are more than likely what any average human would do in his situation. Further evidence to support this comes from the narration used in the trailer “I was just a normal cop…” We also reversed the role of the military in our product, who are often seen helping the hero or at least following the law, however in our film they are trying to do whatever it takes to use A as a weapon. We do however stereotype Don DeVici, the back stabbing, suit wearing head of the mafia. The portrayal of these two characters mirroring their stereotypes connotes to the audience that the film takes place in the present, and with all the developments in technology the nanotech arm wouldn’t seem too out of place. When we apply the narrative of our product to Propp’s theory (1969) it becomes clear that we haven’t stayed true to his idea. Our ‘hero’ role is filled by A whose quest is to get back to his wife, the princess. We have two villains in our product, Don DeVici and Lt. Kenneth, However Lt. Kenneth can also be seen as the dispatcher and the donor as it is he who gives A the arm and takes A away from his home, ultimately setting A off on his quest. Lt Kenneth can also be viewed as a false hero as he has the interests of his county’s safety at heart. This means that the audience can judge for themselves who the true hero is and provides a different perspective on the action genre.
We felt that by challenging the modern conventions of the action genre we could create a familiar yet fresh product that audiences would enjoy. To keep the product familiar to the audience we used shots commonly found in action trailers and a rock soundtrack. The shots we used ranged from establishing shots to close ups. This helped us tease the audience with things like the films location but also elements of the story. For example the scene in which A covers his nanotech arm, by filming this as a close up it allowed us to show a brief glimpse of what the story revolves around but also keep the audience intrigued. We also used long shots allowing us to capture everything that was happening during some of the faster paced fight scenes. This not only meant it was easier for the audience to see, but also easier for the actors as they could get away with not actually hitting each other. The use of fight scenes in action films can be traced as far back as some of the oldest cowboy films such as “The Great Train Robbery” which was made in 1903. Shown below is a section of the Great train robbery. The clip shows a brief fight scene at the start between a man in white and one in black, representing good and bad respectively.



It is clear then that fight scenes are a corner stone of the action genre, with films like “the Matrix” (1999) and “The Dark Knight” (2008) earning $43.1 million and $67.2 million respectively, proving this point. Both of these films were distributed by Warner Bros. Pictures who I believe would be a suitable institution to distribute our film. They seem to distribute a lot of action films with Watchmen, Terminator salvation, Harry Potter and the Half Blood Prince, Ninja Assassin and Sherlock Holmes being distributed under their name in 2009 alone.
The company also has a long history in film, with its first films being released in the 1920’s, and has been known to produce video games and action figures for its films. Our film lends itself brilliantly to these two types of media and would result in even more revenue for the company if it distributed our film.

We chose the teenage market, mainly the bottom end of the scale e.g. 13-14, as the target audience for our film. This meant that we could include plenty of action scenes, tell an interesting story and not lose out on a large portion of our potential market. If we aimed the film at 18+ year olds we would have been able to make the film darker with bloodier more violent action scenes. Creating a film around this however would possibly have resulted in the film having two dimensional characters and a dull plot with action scenes feeling tacked on. This may have resulted in the audience feeling uneasy and may make people not want to see the film. By aiming the film at the teenage demographic we can hopefully succeed in acquiring a 12a certificate. This means that anyone under 12 would be able to watch the film with a parent or guardian present. This means that literally anyone can watch the film but also lets us include more mature content to a certain extent. For example the BBFC states “Moderate violence is allowed but should not dwell on detail. There should be no emphasis on injuries or blood, but occasional gory moments may be permitted if justified by the context”. As previously stated our budget meant we had to show action in the form of fist fights meaning that there is often very little or no blood. This makes it seem even more likely that our film would secure a 12a certificate for the cinema. This also means that we can easily turn our product into a franchise, with TV spinoffs, toys, video games and even comic books also appealing to the same age group. The film is also more likely to be viewed by families as it contains the moral message that tragedies befall innocent people, but it doesn’t mean you have to give up.
If given the 12a certificate the films promotion would be crucial to drawing in the biggest number of people possible. The trailer doesn’t contain any taboo language, gruesome or sinister images and infrequently features violence. This means that most parents would feel happy allowing their children to see the film. We could also use a viral campaign to promote our film in a similar way to Cloverfield or the Dark Knight, this could include internet videos, a website to register for Nanotech testing or coded posters.

Our feedback showed that our trailer had achieved what we originally set out to achieve. When asked, the audience noted that the trailer was clearly for an action film thanks to the music, narration and fight scenes. These are features that we discovered in our research, were important in creating a successful action trailer. Most of the audience also picked up on the narrative in our trailer, and when asked managed to express what they thought would happen in the film, gave an almost exact version of our narrative. They also clearly identified the protagonist thanks to the editing of the footage. When asked to if they could easily identify the main characters one person said, “He appeared in almost every shot and did the narration” This shows that our product successfully conveys who the main character is, however from his actions one person questioned whether he was good or bad. This was a good thing as throughout the production we wanted to challenge the conventions of the typical hero and make the audience question his motives. This along with other questions that the trailer presents seemed to grip the audience’s attention and make them want to watch the film or find out more. They also noted that it had an interesting narrative; this came as a slight surprise as we noted in our research that the most successful action trailers sold themselves on action, over a good narrative.
I think that to make the trailer better, based on our feedback, that we could have made it longer and with professional equipment made the product as a whole better and more engaging. I think the fact that our film worked without professional big budget effects is good, however, I feel that putting some in wouldn’t hinder or take the emphasise away from the narrative.

I feel that the main promotional poster for my film accompanies our product very well.


It features one of the main villains stopping A from getting his 'freedom.' The poster allows the audience an overview of the story in its simplest form when broken down. For example the clenched fist of A shows to the audience that he is ready to fight. Lt. Kenneth blocking his way therefore connotes to the audience that A will fight him in the film. The tagline along with the image of Lt. Kenneth also connotes that all A wants is what is rightfully his and that Lt. Kenneth may be the one that disrupts the equilibrium of the film. I also feel that the poster successfully connotes that the film is of the action genre due to Lt. Kenneth wielding a sword , a departure from a gun usually found in action posters, but also due to the tag line, a common feature in other action posters as I found out in my research. Whilst the poster uses most of the conventions of the action genre, the empire cover instead shows how we go against these conventions in our final product. It shows A staring at his glowing nanotech hand, in a pose similar to hamlet when he finds Yorick’s skull. By imitating this famous image it will instantly connote to the audience that our character A is questioning his very being. Also by featuring the caption “Meet the hero on the run...” it allowed me to show how A isn’t the typical hero and how he wants nothing more than to live a quiet life. This gives the audience a hint of the story and the theme and because of this I feel it successfully helps promote our film. Both of these products require the use of computer editing software, used throughout the media industry, like Photoshop. Photoshop was required to create A’s nanotech arm and the glow around it on both the poster and Empire cover. I learnt that many textures can be created in Photoshop, for example metal effects and stone effects. From the task at AS to the task at A2 I feel that I have learnt even more about Photoshop and as a result of this I was able to create more detailed and more professional titles for the product.

Overall I feel that I have learnt that things change a lot from development to the final product. Both my AS and A2 project featured numerous alterations to the script or storyboard, either due to time constraints or an improvisation sounding better and more natural then what was originally scripted. I have also strengthened my knowledge of shots and experimented with angles to try and make the overall product look a lot more professional.

Poster and Empire cover development

For our ancillary texts we chose to make a poster and a front cover to an Empire magazine. I originally decided to put my ideas on paper before recreating them on photoshop. This allowed me to make changes and go through several ideas before deciding on the final two.



The image above shows my initial concept art for my films promotional poster. In my poster I had the idea of using a fridge to represent the normality of the main character. This would then be covered in fridge magnets and various other objects connoting a recognisable sustainable life whilst also creating a contrast for what is about to be thrust upon him. This would give the audience hints at what happens in the film. I also wanted to try and show how these objects got in the way of his 'Freedom'. To do this I planned on having A in the foreground and a hole in the rear wall showing a city as a 'Goal in the background. However due to various limitations and problems I wasn't able to create the desired product on Photoshop. I decided to keep the idea that someone or something was stopping A from achieving his 'Freedom', but I also tried to think of things that could represent freedom.





The above image is of my final poster. It shows A’s arm in the foreground, with A standing on a path through a field. The Path shows that A is following it to somewhere and connotes to the reader that his destination must be at the end of the path. The field however is used to represent freedom. A’s fist is also clenched and glowing suggesting to the audience that he is angry and ready to fight for what is should rightfully be his. This idea is reinforced by the tagline and the central image of an armed Lt. Kenneth.

I used already existing posters as a refernce. for example the poster below i used as a reference on how to create the glow around the arm but also the nanotech arm.







Above is my initial concept for my Empire magazine front cover. I decided to go with a circuit board and robotic theme and to feature silver detailing on a dark blue background. This would allow the cover and the robotic detailing to stand out on the shelves but would also connote how our character stands out. I even decided to turn the Empire masthead into a circuit board to accompany the theme. I decided that I would try and break the regular rule of having the central image looking directly out at the reader, this would allow me to show how A is trying to keep himself hidden but also to keep some mystery for the reader as to whom the character is. I would also place a glow around the nanotech arm, this would make it stand out and show that it is the main driving force behind the films narrative.







The above image shows my final Empire magazine cover. I decided to stick to the robotic theme and use the dark blue and silver as my main colours. I however had to change the central image, as my initial idea didn’t work very well in reality.

I felt that the image hid too much of the characters face and didn’t convey the idea that he is trying to hide or escape from someone. Because of this I changed the image to the one featured in the cover above. I felt this image was much more suitable as it clearly shows the main character. I played around with poses and decided that I liked idea of the character mimicking Hamlet when he finds Yorik's skull. I also feel that the characters pose and expression convey the anger he has for being treated as an experiment.I chose to use the tagline ‘meet the hero on the run’ this allows the reader to pick up on the plot and creates an enigma for the reader, making them want to pick up the issue and read on. Because I mentioned A as being a Hero I decided I would turn it into a special issue, featuring reviews and previews for the latest action hero and super hero movies.



I also tried to use as many of the features found on real Empire covers as possible. For example from the above image I used “//” to separate the different articles found within the magazine.i also placed the barcode on the right as to not intrude on the central image.

Tuesday, 2 March 2010

Detailed trailer treatment

The first scene of the trailer shows a mysterious character running down a dirt track in a forest. The shot used at first will be a long shot establishing the setting to the audience. Here we use the diegetic sound of panting and the characters footsteps, along with a close up shot of the characters feet running past the camera, to emphasise the characters panic. By using quick cuts here it not only moves the trailer on faster but again emphasizes the characters distress. Finally the scene ends with another character jumping out and attacking the first, this creates an enigma with the audience and will capture their attention for the rest of the trailer.
We then show the production titles in order to keep the audience hanging on for answers for just a little but longer. This also works as a good advert for the production companies as the audience should be at full alert after the shock ending to the first scene, meaning that the companies are likely to stay in their mind. An eerily calm non-diegetic soundtrack starts to play and is used as a sound bridge for the next set of scenes. The nature of the track means it is easy to synch the slower scenes, with a bigger emphasis on storytelling, to the music.
The next scene is shot in point of view from the main character ‘A’ in a car. The non-diegetic narration from A of “I was a normal guy once. Just a cop from Portland. Nothing special.” Connotes that this is possibly A on patrol in a police car and that this scene is happening in the past. This gives the audience a taste of the plot but still keeps them guessing at what happened to him. We use fading in and out here to slow the trailer down but also give the effect of a passing of time or trying to recall some sort of distant memory. By fading out from this to show A and his family and then fading back into the car scene it connotes that that was his everyday life, work, seeing his family only to have to leave them for work again etc. This makes the audience understand A as a character and allows them to connect with him. By using a mid shot of A and his wife we are able to clearly see the emotion on their faces but also with their body language and also clarifies to the audience that A is a “good guy” and our main character. The scene looks like it could fit into his everyday life but also connotes that it could be the last time he sees his wife as he walks off to face his destiny. We fade out of this to keep the pacing slow and back into the car scene. The final bit of narration “But one day that all changed” keeps the mystery going but also signals to the audience that something is about to happen.
The next scene uses an establishing shot along with panning to show off a mysterious looking building. This along with narration from a yet unseen character presents the audience with new questions as the narration hints to something bad happening “Keep him alive!” yet the audience can only see a building. The mise en scene gives connotations of secrecy and suspicion as if the building has something to hide; with a tall iron fence, the building being set far back from the fence and the lack of cars and people.
The next shot quickly fades in from the previous scene to show a close up of someone’s lower arm. The arm in shown to be robotic/ made of metal making the audience question who or what this is and if the previous dialogue related to the arm. The scene is incredibly short and shows the character cover up the arm with his sleeve, this shows that he is trying to hide it which connotes not only fear of how people might react to it but also superhero’s who hide their identity.
We introduce the character of Don DeVici. The mise en scene connotes that he is a rich, smartly dressed man in a position of power. The shot is an over the shoulder shot so A can be seen in the foreground wearing his blue hoodie and the nanotech/robotic arm can be seen on the table showing that it is in fact A who is the owner. The use of shot reverse shot here enforces the idea that they are having a conversation but also means that the nanotech arm, the object of desire, is in the scene all the time. The same non-diegetic music from the start plays but is lowered as diegetic dialogue is brought in. Don DeVici makes a deal with A , demanding his arm for his freedom, making it obvious to the audience he is powerful but definitely isn’t a ‘good guy.’ The audience will also question why he wants his arm and connotes that it has some sort of power or ability. The audience is also led to Question A and his motives as he seems to be willing to do whatever it takes to get his freedom. The final shot of the scene is an extreme close up on the mouth of Don DeVici, this emphasises the fact that he wants A dead and had no intention of helping him. As his speech trails off the shot fades and the non-diegetic sound shifts from the eerie calm sound played up till now to a fact paced heavy rock beat, a common feature of Action trailers with examples of Gamer and Transporter 3.
The change in music brings a change in pace of the trailer and plays throughout concluding in a dramatic build up at the end. The trailer now uses a lot more quick cuts and has an emphasis on action scenes then story telling. The first of these ‘Action’ shots is from a high angle showing A escaping down some stairs and fighting with a man in full military gear ( Lt. Kenneth). This shows the man has power and authority and also that A seems to be rebelling against all types of authority. Looking at Propp’s theory we can class Lt Kenneth as both the donor and the villain. He is the one that fits the arm onto A but is also the one who wants to claim A as a super solider to fight for him thus leading to conflict between the two characters. We then see A running , from the use of a long shot ,only to be apprehended by two men in basic military uniform. A has to fight his way past and dispatches them easily which for a simple cop against some soldiers goes against who the audience may think will win, furthering the idea that A’s arm has made him stronger. The use of the long shot means that all of the action can be seen clearly. He then continues running without hesitating showing his desperation to get to where ever it is he may be going.
Furthering the idea of A’s desperation to escape we take a break from the action to see A talking to a new character who tells him to trust him. A replies “I guess I’ve got no choice” This tells the audience he has ran out of options, has been betrayed by almost everyone and is still desperately trying to get home. It also makes the audience question the new character (Hector) and what his motives might be for helping A.
We give a short glimpse of the big fight scene to show the audience what to expect. This is filmed as a long shot to show clearly which two characters are fighting before cutting to a higher shot. This establishes were the fight is taking place and also shows the imbalance of the characters, with neither one being presented to be better than the other through the use of camera angles.
The non-diegetic sound begins building to a climax as we get the final scene of A firing a beam from his palm. This uses special computerised effects, and will finally clarify to the audience why everyone wants A’s arm. We then show the film title and release date as the music reaches its climax and begins to slowly fade out and reverberate.

Thursday, 25 February 2010

Developments in Cinematic Advertising

The advertising of films has come a long way in terms of aesthetics since the days of hand-drawn posters but hasn't changed much in what they feature . For example comparing the posters accompanying the trailers mentioned in my history of action trailers its clear to see how they have changed graphically with the use of better computers etc. but haven't changed much in terms of content amd representation of heroic characters.



Shown above is the poster for Dirty Harry. The poster features an artist impression instead of photos or stills from the film. This is possibly due to lack of computers which facilitate editing programs (e.g photoshop.)The poster features a simple white background with the main character as the main image. The films title is in red to stand out and is in the largest font size, however the second largest font is the name of the actor, Clint Eastwood. This enforces the idea that the film company are relying on Clint Eastwood's popularity to sell the film. The character is shown to be holding a gun, one of the conventions of the action genre. From looking at posters of action genre films its clear that they almost always feature a gun/guns, this means that over time audiences have become accustomed to the idea that a gun in a film poster means its probably an action film.



The poster for Scarface shown above also enforces my previous point about guns as the character is holding one too. The poster uses almost exclusively only black and white, playing on the idea of good and bad,with just the film title in red to stand out. The poster is still very simplistic and features a detailed "tease" of the plot. It is significant that in contempary film posters, teases are reduced to sound bites and give little of the plot away. Compared to the Dirty Harry poster it seems to be a step backwards, however it doesn't try and sell the film on its star actor so the use of more text to intrigue the viewer was possibly necessary.



The above poster for Die Hard features a still from the film. The large image of Bruce Willis along with his name being in the second largest font shows that they too are trying to exploit the actor's popularity, in the same way as they do on the Dirty Harry poster. It also has some text explaining the plot slightly and also describes the main character, similar to the Scarface poster.



The poster for Transporter 3 shows the biggest change. It clearly relies heavily on photo editing software that designers in the 70s and 80s didn't have access to in order to create posters. It also features many conventions of the action genre: guns, subservient women, fast cars and explosions. The whole image connotes action with Jason Statham's character diving across the screen and the previously mentioned conventions. The poster is also headed in bright blue with Jason Statham's name which stands out against the white back ground. The poster uses all the techniques from the previous posters, such as the main actor's name is clearly visible to sell it on his popularity. It clearly defines itself as an action film with the guns and the character actually midway through a dive and features a short tagline explaining the plot in the briefest way possible. This may reflect the idea that we are moving from a text based communication culture towards a computer based one.

Its clear that posters leave more to the imagination of the audience today but also give a clear picture of what type of film it is and what to expect. The amount of text on the modern day poster has become shorter and shorter, and now is usually just a short sentence giving a very basic impression eg "if you need it to arrive safe and in one piece- Hire a professional" This gives a hint that the character will have to protect someone or something, and that the object may be in danger.

Films today don't just rely on posters for promotion but the internet too. This new method of cinematic advertising is a far cry from just using posters and trailers and offers the audience a new level of interactivity. It often offers very little information on the films plot but immerses you into the film's world/fiction. Numerous films like The Dark Knight and Cloverfield have used viral campaigns. This method of promotion relies on the audience getting intrigued by either video clips, flash games or various other promotions. The Dark Knight is possibly one of the best example of a viral campaign. The campaign resulted in gatherings of fans wearing joker make up or championing their faith in Harvey Dent, a fictional character in the Batman universe. This occurred through the use of numerous websites, word of mouth, and projections of the "bat-signal" onto public buildings and even news readers wearing Harvey Dent pins. This method can often be cheaper then paying for TV spots and poster/billboard space and can often create additional interest in the film or even attract audiences who may have not engaged in this kind of activity before. However its also a big risk as the whole promotion could fall through. A good example of putting a lot at risk is shown again by the Dark Knight, where they created a real life joker army,a full example of the viral is given http://www.firstshowing.net/2007/12/05/the-dark-knights-viral-marketing-gets-very-real-cakes-cell-phones-and-all/

Camera maps

click to enlarge


The above images are examples of camera maps. These allow the film crew to know exactly where to place equipment. It also shows the actor where the cameras are allowing them to get into the best postion to achieve the desired shot.

Shooting schedule

click to enlarge


This is an example of a Shooting Schedule. Using a shooting schedule allows everybody involved in the filmmaking process to know exactly when and where to be. It also lists the props needed (if any) so that the team can be fully prepared and filming can run as smoothly as possible.

Tuesday, 23 February 2010

Freedom Script

(NOTE: format changed due to bloggers auto formating)

FREEDOM (TRAILER)- Rev. 08/10/09


FADE IN:

1 EXT. PATH IN FOREST (CHICAGO) - DAY 1


A man is seen running down a narrow forest path and can be heard breathing heavily. He seems agitated as he begins to slow to catch his breath. Suddenly from the shadows a figure leaps out, the scene cuts prior to contact between the two being made.

CUT TO:


SUPER: Crazy Lady Films

SUPER: Mechabear Productions

FADE IN:

2 INT. FRONT SEAT OF CAR (PORTLAND, OREGON) - DAY 2

The shot takes place from the point of view of A (the main character) as he is driven down a road lined with trees.

A (V.O)
I was normal once. Just a cop from Portland. Nothing special.

3 EXT. PACTO BUILDING (CHICAGO) – DAY 3

Establishing shots of the secret research facility fronted by the PACTO Company.

LT. KENNETH (V.O)
Keep him alive! He’s the only one in this god damn country this can work on.

4 INT. A IN A HOSPITAL LIKE BED/ ROOM (CHICAGO) - DAY 4

We see A waking up in hospital, as he brings his arm up to rub his eyes we see the nanotech arm. A opens his eyes to see the new arm and freezes, staring at the arm in horror and bewilderment.

A (V.O)
But one day that all changed.





5 INT. MAFIA HIDEOUT (CHICAGO) – NIGHT 5

Over the shoulder shot of A looking at the mafia boss and crime lord Don DeVici. A is talking to Don DeVici about making a deal to get out of the city.

DON DEVICI
So you want outta here,eh? Ill make you a deal.
Your FREEDOM for your arm.

A
Deal

A leaves the room and heads out of the building.

DON DEVICI
Boys, you know what to do. I want him dead!

6 EXT. MAFIA HIDEOUT (CHICAGO) – NIGHT 6

As A leaves he finds himself surrounded by Don DeVici’s men. We hear them load their guns. The scene keeps fading in and out to the sound of a heart beat before all sound stops and we see a black screen. We hear A scream in pain then as the footage fades back in the gun fire begins, a quickly stands up from his crouching position and we see that A now has a shield in place of his arm with bullets reflecting off.



7 EXT. IN A FOREST (CHICAGO) – DAY 7

A, LT Kenneth and Don DeVici can be seen fighting with swords. We hear the noise of the swords hitting each other as the fight progresses and also the sound of the participants of the fight grunting aggressively.



8 EXT. IN AN ALLEY WAY (CHICAGO) - DAY 8

A, can be seen shooting a laser beam down an alley way. We hear the noise of the laser beam rushing down the alley, as it nears towards the camera.


9 INT. BAR (CHICAGO) - NIGHT 9

Hector can be heard talking to A about how A can escape and get back to his family
in Portland, Oregon.

HECTOR
If you want to escape, you have to trust me.


A
I guess I have no choice.

10 EXT. FIELD (CHICAGO) - DAY 10

A can be seen conversing with Lt Kenneth, they are discussing A’s purpose and his past. Both are out of breath from fighting and Lt. Kenneth’s blade is covered in blood. The scene is done subtly to hide the fact that Don DeVici is dead.

LT KENNETH
You can’t escape your fate, you’re military property, we created you!

A
My path is for me to choose and no body else, I won’t let you get in my way.

The scene fades out and the freedom title comes in.

SUPER: Freedom title screen.


END.